by ©️Leslye Joy Allen
It can be argued that tariffs helped fuel the US Civil War. By the mid-1800s, the northern economy was based on manufacturing and was in direct competition with an agricultural, slave-based southern economy. Tariffs on imported goods were great for the Northern states as they provided a huge amount of revenue. Tariffs also protected American businesses from foreign competitors and provided revenue for the federal government. In the South, tariffs were a big negative.
In 1828, a tariff that southerners called the Tariff of Abominations became law. This tariff protected Northern manufacturers, but it penalized Southern slaveholders who relied on exporting their agricultural products (cotton) that were produced by Black slave labor. These same Southerners imported goods from Europe.
The Morrill Tariff passed in 1861 around the time several Southern states had seceded from the Union because tariffs placed a heavy economic burden on the South. The big issue was, however, the expansion of slavery.
The American South sought to transplant slavery in newly acquired western territory due to its own self-produced ecological disaster, namely soil exhaustion. Yet, it was often difficult to transplant slavery in the western portion of what is now the United States due to the fact that laws differed in these newly acquired regions. California became a state in 1850, but it had abolished slavery. The Compromise of 1850 granted statehood to California as a free state with the expectation that California would uphold the Fugitive Slave Act.
Once the Mexican-American War was over in 1848 and the Treaty of Guadalupe was signed, Mexico ceded over 500,000 square miles of its territory to the United States. Those square miles included modern-day Utah, Nevada, Colorado, New Mexico, California, and large portions of Arizona, Wyoming, Oklahoma and Kansas. So, do not think that Felon 47’s desire for extra territory is something new. And for Goddess sake don’t think the USA had or has any respect for actual geographic boundaries.
(Arlington Cemetery, c. 1865, Library of Congress)
Tariffs in the United States only waned after this country’s “protectionist” period ended roughly in the early 1930s. By the end of World War II, the United States entered full swing into a period of open markets and greater engagement with markets in other countries.
But here’s the thing. What Felon 47 is doing is not new. In the mid-1800s while Northern industrialists reminded poorly paid white factory workers that they had privileges and supremacy over Black folks who were slaves, Southern slaveholders were selling the exact same argument to poor whites and middling white yeoman farmers.
The white oligarchy didn’t fight in the Civil War on either side. They used poor whites to do it for them. And the South lost—Thank You Jesus! Yet, what most folks forget is that Black folks in the South were its property and its wealth. Setting them free WAS NOT the initial aim of the war. It was not until Black abolitionist and former slave Frederick Douglass pushed at President Abraham Lincoln to make ending slavery a war objective.
Douglass made it plain. If Lincoln wanted to end the war, and force the South back into the Union, the simplest way to do it was to free the slaves. After all, Black slaves were one third of the population of the entire South, and Black bodies were the primary source of wealth of a minority of white southern oligarchs. That strategy worked.
Yet, here’s something to contemplate on a more personal level. After he was around the age of 6, abolitionist and former slave Frederick Douglass never saw his mother again and never learned what happened to her. After he escaped from his owner, he remained a fugitive for years. Eventually his freedom was purchased by Quakers in the UK for $711.66 (around $30K today) in 1846. After the Civil War ended, roughly two generations of white southern women who hoped to marry and have children never did so in certain areas of the South because there simply were not enough men to go around. A majority of the men they might have married were killed during the Civil War.
As a Black woman historian, nothing that Felon 47 is doing is new to me. Although I must admit he seems to be an old American history lesson on steroids. The American North tore up the Slaveholding South, imposed tariffs that favored their industries and never lost a wink of sleep; and never once worried about the personal costs of doing any of it.
So, while there are plenty of Black fools out there (trust me, I know many of them), a majority of us Black folks know that there is no limit to how oligarchs will play with our lives, crush economies, steal from us, and attempt to throw our Black asses on the frontlines of military interventions and sacrifice us on an assortment of altars. They have done all of this to us for centuries. What is different now is that white folks are finding out that they too will be placed in these same untenable positions.
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Leslye Joy Allen 